The Second and Equally Convincing Argument For the Existence of U.S. EMR Mind Control Weapons: The East/West Controversy over Thermal/Athermal effects of Emr Ends With the Exposure of a U.S. Cold War Cover Story1. Freedom of Information Act excerpts from Harlan Girard, released 2001
2. 1983 Washington DC Conference on Psychological Strategies sponsored by the "Intellectual Father of Star Wars", Dr. Stefan Possony, discussing Russian emr mind control based on athermal emr effects.
3. BBC TV 1984 documentary, "Opening Pandora's Box", highlighting Dr. Becker's theory of large, classified U.S. emr weapons program based in part on evidence of the thermal/athermal controversy.
4. 2000 Video by Council on Wireless Technology Impacts, "Public Exposure", www.emrnetwork.org. More evidence of athermal controversy
Freedom of Information Act Request thanks to Harlan Girard, 2001
This series of unclassified FBIS documents verifies, in detail, the information in the Lopatin book and Russian articles. This fact indicates that information on the mind control issue in the public domain is limited in scope. Some of the authors of the articles are scientists and Russian military personnel. Some articles were translated for government staff. A major theme of the articles is the concern about the dangers of the technology and the need for international controls.
Member of the Russian Federation of Space Exploration Scientific and Technical Council, Anatoliy Ptushenko describes spaced-based energy systems ...that are "capable of driving millions of people crazy".
The first articles an in-depth account written by a member of the Russian Federation of Space Exploration Scientific and Technical Council, Anatoliy Ptushenko. He discussed "for the first time in our press in Rabochaya Tribuna ...about psychotropic weapons...spaced-based energy systems ...that are "capable of driving millions of people crazy.... which started to be developed in the sixties--" The article continues with a discussion of space-based energy systems and the need for the world community to establish an apriori permanent, preventive monitoring of the development and deployment of space-based energy systems. He then described the demonstrators on the streets of Moscow "with banners saying "stop developing psychotronic weapons."
Moscow Rabochaya Truibuna 11-26-94. "But people at the time were most interested in microwave systems. ...However, the most important thing was deemed to be the psychotropic effect created by these systems under certain conditions. That was why they were officially called psychotropic rather than psychotronic weapons. It turned out that it was all a matter of frequency... Generally speaking, most readers are probably familiar with superhigh frequency radiation: Few people with a head cold or a sprain have not sat in a clinic between the two black plates of a "UHF generator." There are frequencies that are beneficial to people. But naturally there are also those which are hazardous. At certain frequencies (I think that only professionals are interested in knowing precisely which ones) microwave radiation creates that very same psychotropic effect. That is, it has a direct physical effect on the human brain."
"So a microwave system can easily be tuned into a psychotropic weapon--formidable in that it has a direct effect on the human brain...just by retuning the generator." Ptushenko stated, "The terrible danger of psychotropic weapons is the possibility of their simultaneously and unequivocally affecting large masses of people over huge areas." He writes "Moskovskiye Novosti, the Komsomolka, Golos, Moskovskiy, Komsomolets, and many other papers have been frantic to tell us all about "psychotronic" weapons (as if they had conspired!). " ...they are talking about something completely different: about hypnosis, "verbal zombification," the effect of ultrasound signals on the human subconscious (on the lines of Ilona Davydova). The subject of the articles is always associated with an acoustic address system. Involving suggestions, for instance i.e. verbal (oral) pressure on a person--albeit using inaudible ultrasonic frequencies."
Ptushenko then mentions Dr. Smirnov, the Russian psychiatrist who is famous for his mind control equipment, see 20+ section. "Smirnov has it that 'psychotronics" are easily blocked-...But these childish tricks will not work with psychotropic weapons. It resembles the effect of a psychotropic drug, which is why the weapons were called psychotropic: An imbalance occurs, a fundamental change in a person's psyche, he loses self-control and becomes easily led, and his mind moves from the real world to a world of hallucination."
Ptushenko then distinguishes psychotropic drugs from psychotropic weapons.
"But there are fundamental differences between them. All pharmaceutical psychotropics are temporary-acting. While microwave radiation is variable: It can affect a person (or an Army) temporarily or possibly forever. It is all determined by the mix of frequency and the power of the radiation. These systems were called "psychotropic weapons" in official secret documents 30 years ago. It was these systems that we began to appreciate in the sixties."
Ptusenko ends the article with a warning.
"They may quite well have actually been tested. It was not for nothing that at that time some graduates of the Moscow State University Biology Faculty were sent to Ministry of Radioeelctronics Research Institutes... So let us leave the notorious science of psychotronics to the conscience of psychiatrists, psychics, and hypnotists. Nevertheless, faced with such a terrible danger as psychotropic weapons (and other kinds of space-based weapons), it is our duty to ensure that the development and operation of space based solar energy system receive popular and above all mass media scrutiny."
The above article describes the tremendous amount of information on psychotronics in Russian newspapers and agrees with the concerns of Lopatin and Tsygankov and the need to control these weapons. Ptushenko questions the psychotronic weapons school of thought and whether hypnosis will work on unwilling subjects. Hypnosis does work on unwilling subjects, see Dr. Scheflin's book "Mind Manipulators", 1978 and Dr. Colin Ross, "Bluebird", 2000. Both books document government involvement in hypnosis research and disinformation surrounding this issue. Ptushenko too questions the information available on psychotropic weapons claims concerning "hypnosis, 'verbal zombification', the effect of ultrasound signals on the human subconscious..." Ptushenko states emphatically that psychotropic weapons,
"do not enable the individual human mind to be controlled in a precise and purposeful way. They simply "jam" any internal connections responsible for a person's self-control, and he becomes easily controllable "according to mob law" in line with commands form a space-based station. He can be controlled either from earth or from a command center lost in space."
These are considerable statements coming from a prominent space expert. Ptushenko has obviously given the matter serious consideration and believes that there are terrible dangers from psychotropic weapons and public debate is necessary. Further research is needed.
The following article written by Russian military experts discuss information warfare Lopatin extensively discussed the threat of information warfare in his book. In the U.S., the Learning Channel TV program "War 2020"" produced by Beyond Productions in 1998 is a good representation of information warfare. The program included Dr. Persinger of Canada's Laurentian University and his discussion on magnetic signals and how signals could be beamed from television, microwave and telephone towers and systems to targeted populations for mind control purposes. The program narrator stated, "The ultimate weapon in the info war would be the human brain. ...Mind control will be the ultimate nonlethal weapon ." Mind control weapons are categorized as information and nonlethal weapons, according to these sources.
This article describes space weapons, including targeting of populations anywhere in the world with behavior control.
The article supplies details to prove that behavior control weapons are feasible, that the U.S. is concentrating research in this area and warns about possible American information and space warfare.
From: Moscow Armeyskiy Sbornik in Russian, Oct 96 No 10, pp 88-90, Article by Major General Valeriy Menshikov, doctor of technical sciences, and Colonel Boris Rodionov, "Along with ordinary wars, states have waged "information wars" since time immemorial, and are doing so now. But while previously they were given only an auxiliary role, lately their significance has grown immeasurably, and new technologies are "guilty" of this. Armeyskiy Sbornik regularly publishes articles on this topic. Today leading specialists of the RF Armed Forces tell about achievements in this area."
"The Teledesic Advanced low-altitude global satellite communications system is of special interest. It will have 15 times more satellites than Iridium--840. With other conditions being equal, the low orbit of small, lightweight craft (no more than 700 km) permits increasing the power of their radio emission on the Earth's surface 2,500 times or more and performing a wide range of military missions. It is unprecedented: the numerical size of the Iridium orbital grouping enables as a minimum simultaneously irradiating any point on Earth from two spacecraft. This provides double redundancy and increased reliability of communications, as for military systems. The band of radio-frequency emissions (20-30 GHz) also has not been used previously in commercial communications."
"An analysis of the enumerated features indicates that the Teledesic system can be used for irradiating ground, sea and airborne facilities with high-power modulated emissions, which in various automated control systems permits initiating computer viruses such as "sleepers," triggered by a special signal. This can become a real threat to security for countries whose command and control systems are oriented on foreign equipment."
"A psychophysical effect on people also is possible for the purpose of altering their behavior and even controlling the social aims of regional or even global sociums. Fantasy? But the fact is that today the United States is spending as much money on developing psychophysical weapons as on the most complex space programs, and such a correlation cannot be accidental. The Americans began such research back in the prewar period and continued it after the war within the scope of programs known as MC-Ultra mind control, MC-Delta--remote alteration of human behavior, and also Bluebeard and Artichoke. Such an effect also is possible via the mass media by creating special audio signals in music hits, key video images in television programs and so on. The Teledesic space system also can be used for this same purpose. Suffice it to recall numerous statements to courts by U.S. citizens that cellular communications is the cause of various ailments, including brain cancer. U.S. scientists from the National Cancer Institute and the Food and Drug Administration recommended limiting use of such communications systems. Similar effects also are possible from the new systems. True, for this the output of its satellites has to be increased a thousand times more that what was announced, but technically it is fully feasible."
"Thus, the new space systems are potentially dangerous from the aspect of unfolding a wide-scale "information war" and even creating a global systems for controlling people's behavior in any region, city or locality, including one's own. A country possessing them will gain an enormous advantage."
The next two articles from China confirm that the Chinese military are aware of emr weapons. Research on infrasound began during the 60s and 70s in some major military countries and is capable of producing fear and hysteria and even mental illness, according to the first of two articles.
From: "New Weapons, Medical -Related Problems'. Beijing Remain Juny: (People's Military Surgeon) In Chinese Vol 40 No 9 Sept 97 pp. 587-588 Mori DocID: 587142
"New-concept weapons refer to weapons whose basic principles, construction and killing and wounding mechanism are entirely different form those of traditional-concept weapons. ..."
"Infrasound Weapons. Infrasound refers to sound waves with frequency lower than 20 Hz, which can cause malfunction of heart blood vessels, and of respiratory, digestive and central nerve systems, disorientation and emotional disorder. Take these infrasound functions as casualty factors and apply them to weapons systems, are called infrasound weapons."
"One kind of infrasound weapon, through bomb explosion, produces high-intensity infrasound wave impacting directly on human bodies. Another kind of infrasound weapon, installed and mounted on a vehicle, directionally radiates infrasound wave indirectly acting on human bodies with an effective distance reaching several hundred meters. When transmitted in water, air, or on ground, infrasound wave has the special features of slight attenuation, rapid speed, long effective distance, strong power of penetration, and being hard to defend and protect against."
"Some major military countries started research on infrasound weapons during 60's to 70's. Infrasound was proven capable of damaging human sensory and internal organs and disabling people. A small amount of output power can induce immeasurable fear and cause mass hysteria. A large amount of output power can cause unstable mental state and body malfunction, or even symptoms of mental disease. Infrasound can deal effectively with personnel in camouflage and battlefield equipment. An advanced infrasound generator targeting personnel has been designed and tested, with amount of energy of generated infrasound wave adjustable to cause personnel disorientation, nausea, vomiting, and incontinence. Research indicates that such reactions are temporary. Once wave generation stops, symptoms disappear with no lasting side effects."
"At present time, infrasound weapons are still at the stage of experimental research, with existing technical problems of miniaturization of weapon size. It is predicted that troops will not be equipped with infrasound weapons within fifteen years."
"....All main military major countries have engaged in research on microwave weapons, with rapid progress in recent years."
Continued in Mori DocID; 587142.
"5. Incoherent Light Source and Super-high Frequency Weapons. Study from experts in foreign armed forces think that bright incoherent light source can cause blindness and Super-high frequency weapons can interfere with human nervous system activities, temporarily disable people, cause unbearable noise and sense of whistling sound, or even damage nervous systems leading to death. The existing problems with these weapons are short launching effective distance, high cost and need for miniaturization of weapon size."
"...At present time, weapons generating interference and causing blindness have become practical to use. Foreign armed forces already have corresponding prevention and protection measures, standard, and diagnostic techniques, and have conducted further research. .Bijing Remain Junyi in Chinese --monthly journal of the PLA General Logistics Department Health Department, carrying many technical articles on military medicine..."
This article from China was important for it's statement on nonthermal effects of emr weapons being capable of producing psychological damage to personnel.
From "High-Energy Microwave Weapons, known as Superstars", Beijing Jiefangjun Bao Chinese 25 Dec. The following is supplied by the Publications Translation Section of the U.S. Consulate General in Hong Kong. Mri DocId: 587137.
"High-Power microwave beam energy technology has been utilized in developing weapons, and it is thereby that the high-power microwave frequency weapons have been produced. ...Its "non-thermal effects" can produce psychological damage to personnel and a decline in the functions of all sectors. Its "thermal effects" can produce scorching of human skin, cataracts in the eyes, and even fatal burns. This sort of weapon is characterized by a large target attack area and a long operating distance, and it is little affected by the weather. Military experts thus praise it as the "superstar" of directional weapons."
This last article is included because it is about the HAARP Project. Dr. Rosalie Bertell, (see CAHRA [now Mind Justice] website under 'study') is a respected Canadian biometrics expert who led the Bhopal and Chernobyl Medical Commissions and "claims HAARP could disrupt human thought-processes." From British tabloid, The Big Issue, 10-2-2000, "Strike Force".
Also note the mention of the EU and Grattan Healy's work on HAARP issues in this article. Healy was instrumental in the 2000 EU resolution to ban weapons that 'manipulate behavior'. See CAHRA [now Mind Justice] website International Campaign, under Progress.
The article states that medical emr research has been blocked by the HAARP Project patents, see last paragraph. This information supports the fact that emr athermal effects research in mainstream science is underfunded and suppressed in the US, (Reppert, AP, 1988) and is far behind the Russian emr research in the open literature. Given its value for weapons use and the fact that the military has developed their nonlethal emr weapons program for over 40 years, according to U.S.News, 1997, there are no doubt, beneficial uses of emr that have been suppressed in the process.
Since Eastlund applied for the patents, all research in the area of electromagnetic energy--for, say medical purposes-- has been blocked. As a result a vast and highly promising field of science and medicine has been monopolized by interests with ties to the US Army. (passage omitted)"
Here is the factfilled and revealing article in its entirety from the FBIS.
From Brussels Telemoustique in French 5 Nov 97 pp 40-43, "EU Worries Over US HAARP Project Noted, Mori DocID: 587140. Article by Alain Gossens: "Apocalypse Now? 'HAARP or How the US Military Is Playing the Sorcerer's Apprentice"
"Are the Americans currently developing a vast weapons system capable of scanning the entrails of the earth to seek out secret bases, jamming any form of radio communications, influencing human behavior, modifying the weather, zapping airplanes in the sky just like your microwave zaps your soup, and causing earthquakes or explosions as powerful as an atomic bomb? With " HAARP the US Army is reportedly reinventing, in a more economical and even more dangerous form, its defunct Star Wars Project. There is just one difference: This time it is a land-based installations."
"A number of scientists, weapons experts, and members of the European Parliament are concerned --and that is putting it mildly-- about the development of this project. This is why energy expert Grotan Healy, an adviser to members of parliament, is now collecting accusatory evidence of this Armageddon project. Magda Aelvoet, a Belgian member of the European Parliament and leader of the Green group in the European Parliament, is in charge of the dossier. She is the one responsible for officially following up the requests for explanations made by members of her group. She will take steps to ensure that the European Parliament exerts pressure, via NATO, to make the United States answer all the pertinent questions. As can be read in her interview, Magda Aelvoet is worried. She even goes so far as to say that, apart from the disastrous environmental consequences it could have, this kind of weapon (nonlethal weaponry) can jeopardize individual liberties and democracy." Nothing less.
"30$ Million"
"HAARP stands for High-frequency Active Auroral Research (research in the area of high frequency applied to the aurora borealis). First of all, behind the somewhat esoteric initials lies a project costing $30 million per year which the US Army is presenting as innocent research into the ionosphere. The project promoters are not sparing any effort or money in their public relations and advertising campaign. Never the less, if one is aware of the fact that the real sponsors are the Navy, the Air Force, and the Department of Defense, then it is hard to believe that it is not a project for military purposes."
"What does HAARP look like on the ground? It is a massive installation covering several hectares in Gkona, a small town northeast of Anchorage, Alaska. It is not that much a backwater since the installation lies alongside the immense gas and oil reserves belonging to the Arco company, which also holds the patents on the technology comprising the HAARP and is the "cover financier" for the equipment. In addition, HAARP is linked to one of the world's most powerful computers, located in the University of Alaska's perimeter cleared of trees with 48 20-meter-high antennas, each linked to a transmitter of just under 1 million watts. In the long run, the number of antennas and the power of the transmitters will be set up in such a ways as to achieve a phenomenal power of 1 billion watts transmitted by a network of 360 antennas. The transmitters are powered by six 3,600-hp turbines burning some 95 tonnes of diesel fuel every day. At this point, it should be noted that the entire installation is rather harmful to the immediate environment since it emits more than 7 tonnes of pollutants every day."
"What Is It Used For?"
"Officially, the scientists working on this megalommaniac transmitter want to study the ionosphere. Unofficially, HAARP will use the ionosphere, turning it into an energy weapon. The ionosphere is the layer located above the stratosphere and consists of highly energized ionized particles. It begins at an altitude of 48 km and ends at an altitude of 600 km above the Earth. This layer, with its high energy density, is crucial for our planet because it plays a key role as a shield, like the ozone layer. IT protects us from the Sun's harmful emissions. The ionosphere "captures" the electrically charged particles born out of solar and galactic "winds and storms." It is also known that the research carried out for the past century by a series of scientists has highlighted the fact that this "energy mantel" protecting the Earth could, using the right technology, become a strategic weapon of crucial importance."
"HAARP is based on the research of Bernard Eastlund, who was himself inspired by the work of Nikola Tesla, a Croatian scientist. (passage omitted)"
"Just under a century later, Bernard Eastlund simply adapted Tesla's initial work in the he area of electromagnetic energy. Between 1987 and 1994 he applied for 12 patents, serving as the structure of the HAARP project and the weapons technology derived from it. The real owner and operator of these patents is no longer Eastlund (who ended up getting kicked off the project for obscure reasons), but the Atpl-Arco Company-- an oil consortium serving as a front for the Navy, Air Force, and US defense Department. Since Eastlund applied for the patents, all research in the area of electromagnetic energy--for, say medical purposes-- has been blocked. As a result a vast and highly promising field of science and medicine has been monopolized by interests with ties to the US Army. (passage omitted)"
Overall Conclusions
1. Beneficial medical research has been suppressed as a result of emr weapons development.
2. Military experts are discussing classified emr space weapons to control behavior because of the need for public accountability.
3. The information on mind control weapons is limited. All of the open sources state repetitive facts. The Soviets admit to athermal weapon effects and the existence of mind control weapons. The U.S. position in all of the sources is that the Soviets have mind control technology. The U.S. admits to nothing else.
Short Comments
Dr. Stefan Possony was a Stanford Hoover Institute fellow and was called "the intellectual father of 'Star Wars" and "one of the most influential civilian strategic planners in the Pentagon" (Guardian, 1995, obituary).
The following significant article was written by Dr. Possony, who was the founder of International Strategic Studies Association and former psychological warfare expert with the Office of Naval Research.
Dr. Possony was an influential scholar and public figure. He openly discussed Russian mind control and its importance as a weapon. In this article, he publicly asks the questions that few people 'in the know' would ever dare to discuss in public. Dr. Possony asks his readers, "Who is so rash as to doubt that technological breakthroughs of this general type would not be put promptly to psyops use? More importantly who would seriously assume that such a technology would not be deployed to accomplish political and military surprise?" Given the history of the cold war, information on emr mind control weapons and the growing list of scientific and public figures seriously discussing emr mind control weapons, this article is a clear indicator of large, classified mind control programs in the east and west.
Dr. Possony describes the feasibility of communicating directly with the brain using emr and developing emr weapons.
Dr. Possony discussed the microwave bombardment of the Moscow Embassy and inferred that the State Department lied about athermal health effects from the microwave irradiation. Dr. Possony states that molecular vibrations caused by a stimulating extracellular electromagnetic field are non-linear and that this is the basis of new technology that will be extraordinarily significant in medicine, communications, intelligence and psychological operations and permit deliberate physiological impairment. Dr. Possony states that the "KGB is known to be interested in the program...and the USSR has a lead of approximately 25 years".
The science described in the article can be substantiated by the athermal weapons theory, the basis of the Pentagon's 1990s nonlethal emr weapons program. Looking back, the denials by the State Dept. about athermal emr health effects were lies for national security reasons, as Dr. Possony indicated. Looking back almost twenty years, Dr. Possony's article is too historically factually true to be propaganda or rumor. Given Dr. Possony's credentials, and the verified scientific facts regarding mind control weapons, this article is very serious and believable evidence. It is an extremely important point to emphasize as victims are constantly faced with denials that mind control technology exists, let alone the fact that it is developed as a weapon and tested illegally on people.
Here are a few highlights from the article.
Then the entire article, with its many research leads is presented in its entirety.
"Suppose it becomes feasible to affect brain cells by low frequency waves or beams, thereby altering psychological states, and making it possible to transmit suggestions and commands directly into the brain."
"A few years ago there was much excitement about the Soviet microwave "bombardment" of the US Embassy in Moscow. ...the KGB must have wished to harass US diplomats and cause them to worry about their health. This theory was never convincing."
"The question was raised whether the Soviets had discovered a technique of using microwaves for psychological purposes, and whether they were experimenting with this technique on US specialists on the USSR unwittingly pressed into Soviet service as guinea pigs. Impossible replied the State Department, the waves cannot break through the blood-brain barrier, and thermal effects are so negligible that the body would not be affected. Nevertheless, embassy personnel were indemnified for health damage."
"By 1979, it was known that electromagnetic fields raising body temperatures less than .1 degrees Celsius may result in somatic changes. It was most surprising that such a trivial temperature rise was having any effects, and even more astonishing that those effects were significant. Chemical, physiological and behavioral changes can occur within "windows" of frequency and energy continua. Another is at the level of the human electroencephalogram (EEG), which is in the range of extremely low radio and sound waves, around 20 Hertz."
Conclusions
1. Dr. Possony is an academic and public policy analyst who stands behind his statements. Dr. Possony stated scientific facts that have stood the test of time, that emr athermal effects are the scientific basis for mind control weapons. He also states that Russians are interested in mind control and challenges the reader to make the conclusions that will never be revealed given that mind control is a national security issue.
Here is the full article by Dr. Possony.
Possony, Stefan.(1983,July). Scientific Advances Hold Dramatic Prospects for Psy-Strat. Defense & Foreign Affairs. P.34.
Associate Editor Dr. Stefan Possony discusses how scientists are facing the prospect of messaging directly into a target mind. Whither psy-war?
The history of psyops technology is about 200 years old, and it will continue to progress. Hence it is most important to look into the future. It is no longer really difficult to send messages to the targets; that is, the persons who are to be influenced. The target cannot be reached if he is not interested in the originator, nor in his message, or if his interest is perfunctory. He is unattainable also if he is bored, and if he finds it more pleasurable to listen to competitors, who are multiplying.
The target cannot be persuaded to listen. It is the other way around; he may listen if he already is fully or partially persuaded, and if the program is attractive in addition to informative, and if it helps him in his activities.
Psyops technology is more or less in hand. Its better utilization is at present precluded in most instances by political ineptitude and by international opposition. The importance of better programming is recognized as a theory, but new ideas and fundamental improvements are rare. Hence success often is a matter of hit or miss. At this point, let us forget about history and current events, and let us resolutely turn to the future; I want to alert you that psyops technology may advance from communicating to direct signaling. Some developments in this reqard are already taking place.
X-rays and gamma rays are located at the upper end portion of the electromagnetic energy frequency spectrum. What is at the lower end? The most important of all of nature's phenomena.
Suppose it becomes feasible to affect brain cells by low frequency waves or beams, thereby altering psychological states, and making it possible to transmit suggestions and commands directly into the brain.
Who is so rash as to doubt that technological breakthroughs of this general type would not be put promptly to psyops use? More importantly who would seriously assume that such a technology would not be deployed to accomplish political and military surprise?
A few years ago there was much excitement about the Soviet microwave "bombardment" of the US Embassy in Moscow. Why did the KGB, then under Yuri Andropov's leadership, embark on this seemingly scurrilous -- and very prolonged --effort? There was no answer to this question, except that the KGB must have wished to harass US diplomats and cause them to worry about their health. this theory was never convincing.
The question was raised whether the Soviets had discovered a technique of using microwaves for psychological purposes, and whether they were experimenting with this technique on US specialists on the USSR, unwittingly pressed into Soviet service as guinea pigs.
Impossible, replied the State Department, the waves cannot break through the blood-brain barrier, and thermal effects are so negligible that the body would not be affected. Nevertheless, embassy personnel were indemnified for health damage.
By 1979, at the latest, it was known that electromagnetic fields raising body temperatures less than .1 degrees Celsius may result in somatic changes. It was most surprising that such a trivial temperature rise was having any effects, and even more astonishing that those effects were significant.
Chemical, physiological and behavioral changes can occur within "windows" of frequency and energy continua. One of those windows is connected with navigation in marine vertebrates and with biological rhythms of humans. Another is at the level of the human electroencephalogram (EEG), which is in the range of extremely low radio and sound waves, around 20 Hertz.
Those findings remain unexplained. they seemed to require energy amplification of the initial stimulus by some 12 orders of magnitude. No such amplification was deemed to be feasible, and none was discovered.
Let us cut the story to the minimum. The original model, according to which the blood-brain barrier cannot be broken, was derived from the axiom that electromagnetic waves interact with tissue in a linear manner. However, it turned out that the molecular vibrations caused by a stimulating extracellular electromagnetic field are non-linear. Utterly unexpectedly, they take the form of soliton waves which can transfer energy along long molecular chains.
By 1982 the term "soliton" finally made it to the technical dictionaries. Here is a definition from the 1982 McGraw-Hill scientific-technical dictionary: "A soliton wave...propagates without dispersing its energy over larger and larger regions of space." As I understand it, it would be more correct to say: "A soliton wave propagates suddenly acquired energy, or energy imparted by shock, without dispersing it."
Significance? Extracellular disturbances such as acoustic or electromagnetic bursts can be propagated across the cell membrane. In this, non-linearities in molecular dynamics rather than chemical kinetics are the key. Put differently, the 12-magnitude energy deficit is overcome, not by brute force, but by the formation of solitons.
Visualize the brain and its environment as structures of waves, and assume that shock waves create solitons. Then imagine that modern electronics with their flexibility, accuracy and speed are put to work.
In addition, the range of resonances probably will be increased. Hence many frequencies, and several options for the transmission of energy across the membranes of brain cells may become available. This may imply that the brain cells will be reachable diversely and flexibly, and perhaps routinely.
The discovery of cross-membrane coupling may be compared to the discovery of oxygen in 1772, which allowed the proof that phlogiston, the supposed element of fire, does not exist. Once the phlogiston idea was buried, chemistry and the chemical industry began their triumphal march across the world.
The exploration of the cross-membrane phenomenon is only at the beginning, and it is not yet possible to anticipate practical applications. As of now a new phenomenon has been discovered, probably. Nothing is as yet known or is known publicly, on how the soliton can be aimed to produce desired effects. Only a hypothesis can be stated: If the phenomenon can be utilized, this will in due time have crucial bearing both on the body and on the brain, and on defense.
The theory of cross-coupling was formulated by A.S. Davydov who, it seems, published the first purely theoretical version in 1976, and followed this up with a study on "Solitons as energy carriers in biological systems". By 1979 Davydov appeared to be linked to the Ukrainian Academy of Science.
It should be noted that Russian mathematicians were concerned with solitons before US scientists ever got interested. It is therefore conceivable that Davydov achieved his results long before publication, and also that the experiments which involved the US Embassy, produced findings which led to subsequent progress.
In the US, the pioneering work seems to have been done by Albert F. Lawrence and w. Ross Adey, writing in Neurological research, Volume 4, 1982. the Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry in Munich also discovered that cell membranes can be crossed. Eberhard Neumann and Guenther Gerisch found that a shock wave passing through an electric field may create ultra-quick processes within the membrane, and that through such "jumps in the field" (Feldsprfinge:this probably means solitons) senes can be transmitted and cells fused.
There is a differential in the tension of the inner and outer membrane which averages 1/70,000 of a volt. This corresponds to 70,000 volts per(theoretical) membrane thickness of one centimeter.(The real thickness of a membrane is0.1<-8> centimeter.)
The discovery was made unexpectedly in the course of research on electric fields in membranes and their impact on vital processes. This research requires measurements of events lasting not more than one nano-second(one billionth of a second), and it suggested that solitons generally increase the permeability of membranes. Thus, new perspectives on genetic "engineering" were suddenly opened. Moreover, it was possible to fuse no less than 50 cells into one supercell with 50 nuclei and one single membrane. We might as well forego assessing this monstrous novelty.